Hellraisers Journal: Don MacGregor of the Denver Express Describes the Great Exodus of Striking Miners and Their Families from the Coal Camps of Southern Colorado

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The Exodus from Coal Camps to Ludlow, Don MacGregor, Dnv Exp Sept 24, 1913 per Beshoar p—————

Hellraisers Journal- Thursday September 25, 1913
The Great Exodus of Striking Miners from Company Towns 

Southern Colorado, September 23, 1913
-Evicted Families Arrive at Ludlow and Trinidad as Rain Turns to Snow.

So Colorado Miners Evicted, Dy Bk p22, Sept 24, 1913
Chicago Day Book
September 24, 1913

As the miners and their families were evicted from the company towns, Don MacGregor, a reporter from the Denver Express, was a witness and filed this report which was published September 24th:

No one who did not see that exodus can imagine its pathos. The exodus from Egypt was a triumph, the going forth of a people set free. The exodus of the Boers from Cape Colony was the trek of a united people seeking freedom.

But this yesterday, that wound its bowed, weary way between the coal hills on the one side and the far-stretching prairie on the other, through the rain and the mud, was an exodus of woe, of a people leaving known fears for new terrors, a hopeless people seeking new hope, a people born to suffering going forth to new suffering.

And they struggled along the roads interminably, in an hour’s drive between Tinidad and Ludlow, 57 wagons were passed, and others seemed to be streaming down to the main road from every by-path.

Every wagon was the same, with its high piled furniture, and its bewildered woebegone family perched atop, and the furniture! What a mockery to the state’s boasted riches. Little piles of miserable looking straw bedding! Little piles of kitchen utensils! And all so worn and badly used they would have been the scorn of any second-hand dealer on Larimer Street.

Prosperity! With never a single article even approaching luxury, save once in a score of wagons a cheap gaily painted gramophone! With never a bookcase! With never a book! With never a single article that even the owners thought worth while trying to protect from the rain!

[Emphasis added]

John Lawson, International Organizer for the United Mine Workers of America, was on hand through-out the day. When a superintendent taunted him by shouting, “A good day for a strike,” Lawson replied:

Any strike-day would look good to the people from your mines.

At Ludlow, Lawson helped to set up the canteen and greeted arriving families with milk and hot coffee as the rain turned into a snow.

One thousand tents being shipped from West Virginia by the U. M. W. have been delayed. At the Ludlow Tent Colony, many miners and their families spent the night in the big central tent. Some were taken to local union halls, and others were given shelter in the homes of nearby union sympathizers. The Greek miners, many of whom are single men, spent the night camped out in the snowstorm.

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Hellraisers Journal: Coal Strike is On in Southern Colorado Coalfields; Mass Exodus from Company Towns into Tent Colonies

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Quote Mother Jones, Rise Up and Strike, UMW D15 Conv Sept 16 Trinidad CO, Dnv Exp Sept 17, 1913—————

Hellraisers Journal- Wednesday September 24, 1913
Southern Colorado-Thousands of Striking Miners and Families Exit Company Towns

From the Trinidad Chronicle-News of September 23, 1913:

HdLn Coal Strike Begins in Southern Colorado, CNs p1, Sept 23, 1913

A meeting was held at Sopris this morning and talks were made by Frank J. Hayes and “Mother” Jones. A meeting will be held at Ludlow this afternoon. These meetings will continue from day to day at differenct camps to “keep the enthusiasm going”, as Vice President Hayes intimated last night.

Mother Jones worked up to a high pitch bordering on frenzey deliverd an impassioned address to more than three hundred coal miners at Sopris this morning. The meeting was held under canvass and the venerable labor leader sought to stir up the fires of revolet in the breast of every miner. While the speaking was going on scores of miners were receiving union cards. International vice president Frank J. Hayes also spoke. There was a good deal of enthusiasm manifested.

[Statement of Vice-President Frank Hayes to C-N reporter:]

We have conducted a quiet, dignified campaign. We feel confident the operators will accede to our demands in the near future. The miners by their action today have proved that they desire to enjoy better working conditions and work as union men and enjoy the same rights and privileges as the miners of Wyoming and neighboring states.

This is an age of co-operation and we demand the same right as the mine owners assert to band ourselves together for the purpose of promoting social and economic welfare. The statutes of Colorado concede us this right and the right to sell our labor collectively. We cannot surrender this legal right.

In view of the prosperity of this particular company [C. F. & I.] which also reflects the prosperity of other big corporations, we see no good reason why the miners should not enjoy more of the comforts and refinements of modern civilization. We have repeatedly sought to secure a joint conference but without success. We are still waiting for a conference to adjust the present controversy. If working conditions are as good as the operators say they are, then the operators ought not to fear to meet the miners in joint conference.

[Emphasis added.]

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Hellraisers Journal: Exodus of Miners from Company Towns Increases on Eve of Strike in the Southern Colorado Coalfields

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Quote Mother Jones, Rise Up and Strike, UMW D15 Conv Sept 16 Trinidad CO, Dnv Exp Sept 17, 1913

—————

Hellraisers Journal – Tuesday September 23, 1913
Southern Colorado – Exodus of Miners and Families from Company Towns Increasing

From the Trinidad Chronicle News of September 22, 1913:

HdLn Eve of CO Strike, Trinidad Chc Ns p1, Sept 22, 1913

[…..]

At Segundo yesterday a meeting was held, attended by about two hundred…“Mother” Jones addressed a meeting at Walsenburg and returned to this city on the C. & S. train last evening.

Vice President Hayes and International Board Member John R. Lawson will arrive here tonight and will speak at meetings Sopris and Ludlow tomorrow. [Lawson’s] last official utterance before the strike was made in Denver last night when discussing the situation he said:

There will be a complete tie-up of coal mines all over the state on Tuesday. Statements of conditions made by the operators are ridiculous. The operators are only trying to deceive themselves and the public. This contest of the coal miners of Colorado is one largely for improvement of conditions. The operators have laid stress on the demand for recognition of the union. I see the Denver Chamber of Commerce also says that that is the cause of the strike. They are wrong. Recognition of the union is only a minor question.

The miners are fighting for improved conditions, for rights granted them by the state law, and they are eager for a strike. Why, the organization has been preventing a strike for the last three years.

The United Mine Workers are prepared to fight ten years, if necessary, to make conditions in the Colorado mines as good as they are in those of Wyomng and other states. They are prepared to fight indefinitely. They have the money necessary and they can get more.

The Colorado coal miners are poverty stricken. The union has to take care of them, to feed and clothe them, the minute they go on strike. They would not be willing to strike under such conditions if they did not have rights to fight for.

[…..]

[Emphasis added.]

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Hellraisers Journal: From the Denver United Labor Bulletin: Miners’ Strike in the Colorado Coal Fields Will Begin on Tuesday

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Quote re Mother Jones, Fighting Angel, Denver CO ULB p1, Sept 20, 1913—————

Hellraisers Journal – Monday September 22, 1913
Southern Colorado Coalfields – Miners Will Begin Strike on Tuesday

From the Denver United Labor Bulletin of September 20, 1913:

Colorado Coalfield Strike to Start Sept 23, Dnv ULB p1, Sept 20, 1913

U. M. W. District 15 of Colorado Issues Strike Resolution, Makes Demands:

Colorado UMW D15 Strike Resolution n Demands, Dnv ULB p1, Sept 20, 1913

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Hellraisers Journal: From Miners Magazine: “Mother Jones of the Revolution-She Will Die Fighting” by Kate Richards O’Hare

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Quote re Mother Jones per Kate Richards OHare, Mnrs Mag p7, Sept 18, 1913—————

Hellraisers Journal – Sunday September 21, 1913
“Mother Jones of the Revolution” by Kate Richards O’Hare

From the Miners Magazine of September 18, 1913:

Mother Jones per Kate OHare, Mnrs Mag p7, Sept 18, 1913Mother Jones per Kate OHare 1, Mnrs Mag p8, Sept 18, 1913Mother Jones per Kate OHare 1, Mnrs Mag p8, Sept 18, 1913

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Hellraisers Journal: Poetry from the Miners Magazine by Agnes Thecla Fair, Hobo Poet, and Mike Gallagher, Slatepicker Poet

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Quote Agnes Thecla Fair, Revolutionary Women, Stt Sc Wkgmn p4, Nov 20, 1909—————

Hellraisers Journal – Saturday September 20, 1913
Poetry by Agnes Thecla Fair, Hobo Poet, and Mike Gallagher, Slatepicker Poet

From the Miners Magazine of September 18, 1913:

POEM Agnes Thecla Fair re Kept Press, Mnrs Mag p14, Sept 18, 1913Mike Gallagher Slatepicker Poet, Poem System n Church, Mnrs Mag p14, Sept 18, 1913

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Hellraisers Journal: Convention of District 15 of the United Mine Workers of America Issues Strike Call for Southern Colorado

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Strike Call, UMW District 15 for Sept 23, 1913—————

Hellraisers Journal – Friday September 19, 1913
Trinidad, Colorado – U. M. W. District 15 Convention Issues Strike Call
-Strike to begin Tuesday September 23rd. Demands put forth.

Strike Call, UMW District 15 for Sept 23, 1913, Demands listed.

The Demands of District 15
United Mine Workers of America

The demands agreed upon during the Special Convention which voted to strike on Tuesday, September 16th, are seven in number:

1. Union recognition
2. A wage scale for various types of mine work
3. The eight-hour work day
4. Pay for all narrow work and dead work
(The coal companies have historically expected the men to work without pay when brushing, timbering, removing falls, handling impurities, etc.)
5. A checkweighman at every mine, elected by the miners
6. The right of the miners to shop where they please, board where they please, and to choose their own doctors.
7. Enforcement of the Colorado Mining Laws and:
abolition of the the notorious and criminal guard system which has prevailed in the mining camps of Colorado for many years.

As the convention ended, Vice President Hayes told the cheering delegates that most of the demands were simply a demand for compliance by the coal companies with mining laws which were on the law books of the state of Colorado, and had been for many years.

Hayes continued:

I was never more hopeful for success than I am in this strike. I do not think it will last long. The operators cannot fight an organization of 450,000 men for long. I think we shall realize in Colorado the greatest victory in the history of our organization. I know we cannot lose because our demands are just, and, having made every honorable effort to adjust the differences, the responsibility rest not on us, but on the operators. I hope that when next Tuesday comes every miner will lay down his tools and never take them up again until they take them up as United Mine Workers, recognized by the operators.

[Emphasis added.]

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Hellraisers Journal: “Rise Up and Strike”-Mother Jones Speaks at UMW District 15 Special Convention; Miners Vote to Strike

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Quote Mother Jones, Rise Up and Strike, UMW D15 Conv Sept 16, 1913 Trinidad CO—————-

Hellraisers Journal – Thursday September 18, 1913
Trinidad, Colorado – U. M. W. District 15 Holds Special Convention
-Mother Jones Speaks; Miners Vote to Strike

From The Rocky Mountain News of September 17, 1913:

HdLn RMN p1, Sounther CO Miners Vote Strike, Mother Jones Speaks, Sept 17, 1913

Monday September 15, 1913
Trinidad, Colorado – District 15 of U. M. W. of A. Meeting in Special Convention

The Special Convention of District 15 of the United Mine Workers of America begins today in Trinidad, Colorado. All efforts to negotiate with the mine owners has been exhausted, and it is expected that a strike call will be issued which could shut down the coal mines of the entire state of Colorado. Delegates from Huerfano County have made their way into Trinidad despite the declaration by Sheriff Jefferson Farr that not a single miner from his district would make it to the convention. Apparently, Farr and his 326 deputies were no match for the determined union coal miners.

Mother Jones is in Trinidad and will address the Convention tomorrow.

—————-

Tuesday September 16, 1913
Trinidad, Colorado – Special Convention Opens with “Battle Cry of Union.”

The Special Convention of the United Mine Workers of America’s District 15 opened yesterday with 250 delegates singing the “Battle Cry of Union:”

We will win the fight today, boys,
We’ll win the fight today,
Shouting the battle cry of union;
We’ll rally from the coal mines,
We’ll rally from the hills,
Shouting the Battle Cry of Union.

The union forever, hurrah boys, hurrah!
Down with the gunthugs and up with the law;
For we’re coming, Colorado,
We’re coming all the way,
Shouting the Battle Cry of Union

While general business was being conducted in the hall, the Scale and Policy Committee, led by John Lawson, took testimony from the coal miners of the southern fields. The grievances of the miners are many and include: being paid in script worth only 90 cents on the dollar at the company stores or saloons which they are forced to patronize, being robbed in the weighing of coal at the rate of 400 to 800 pounds per ton, being forced to vote according to the views of the company superintendent, being discharged for union membership, being discharged for voicing any complaint whatsoever about short weights, safety conditions or camp conditions.

But mostly the coal miners hate the company guard system. These gunthugs who lord it over them in the company towns, have become increasingly intolerable as the union organizing drive in the southern coalfield has progressed.

Mother Jones will speak at the convention today, a strike vote will be taken, and demands will be issued. The miners know full well that a strike will lead to to eviction from their homes. They will be homeless along with their families, creating 20,000 refugees in all. The U.M.W. has been shipping tents, food, blankets, and clothing into the area. Locations are being rented by the Union where strikers’ tent colonies can be established.

—————

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Hellraisers Journal: Copper Country of Michigan: Picketers Marching Behind the Flag Attacked by Soldiers and Deputies

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Quote Annie Clemenc, Die Behind Flag, Mnrs Bltn, Sept 16, 1913—————

Hellraisers Journal – Wednesday September 17, 1913
Calumet, Michigan – American Flag Knocked to the Ground by Guardsmen

From the Chicago Day Book of September 16, 1913:

MI Copper Strike The Flag, Dy Bk p5, Sept 16, 1913

Saturday Morning September 13, 1913
Calumet, Michigan – Big Annie and Her American Flag Attacked by Guardsmen

Just days after her arrest Big Annie is back in the thick of the fight. This morning she led a march of 1,000 strikers and the women who support them through the streets of Calumet as is her usual routine. At the corner of Eighth and Elm, they were confronted by the militia and armed deputies. A soldier on horseback used his saber to knock her flag from her grasp. A striker came to her aid and was pushed to the ground by another soldier who ripped the silk fabric of the flag as he slashed about with his sword.

Annie was also knocked to the ground. The flag was stomped into the mud by the horses of the guardsmen. Big Annie hung on to the flag as soldiers tried to take it from her, shouting:

Kill me! Run your bayonets and sabers through this flag and kill me, but I won’t move. If this flag will not protect me, then I will die with it.

Annie was rescued by other marchers and escaped with only a bayonet blow to the right wrist. The strikers’ march was driven back by soldiers on horseback and by the rifle butts of infantrymen. Deputies joined in on the attack swinging their clubs. The strikers and their supporters retreated to the Italian Hall with Big Annie and her flag, now muddied and slashed.

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Hellraisers Journal: From Miners Magazine: Joseph D. Cannon Gives Eloquent Funeral Address for Alois Tijan and Steve Putrich

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Quote Mother Jones, Stick Together, MI Mnrs Bltn p1, Aug 14, 1913—————

Hellraisers Journal – Tuesday September 16, 1913
Calumet, Michigan – Joseph D. Cannon Eulogizes Brothers Tijan and Putrich

From the Miners Magazine of September 11, 1913:

Funeral Address Tijan n Putrich, JD Cannon, Mnrs Mag p5, Sept 11, 1913Funeral Address Tijan n Putrich, JD Cannon, Mnrs Mag p6, Sept 11, 1913Funeral Address Tijan n Putrich, JD Cannon, Mnrs Mag p7, Sept 11, 1913

[Partial transcript:]

The following eloquent address was delivered by Joseph D. Cannon at Calumet, Mich., on Sunday, August 14 over the bodies of Aloiz Tizan and Steve Putrich, who were murdered by the hired mercenary assassins of the Copper Barons of the State of Michigan:

Friends, Brothers and Sisters: We are assembled here today to pay our last sad tribute to the memory of our murdered brothers, whose remains, side by side, are about to be enfolded in Mother Earth’s final embrace. And while we join in consoling those near and dear ones so sadly and brutally bereaved, let us also determine to bring into being a condition of society under which there shall be no incentive for man, hireling or otherwise, to take the life of his fellows.

[…..]

They met their death unflinchingly. When called upon to give up their lives for your cause, they did not hesitate, but fearlessly proved their worth. Let us here resolve that if the time ever comes that it is necessary for us to meet the crisis, as our brothers here have met it, that we will show the same noble spirit and prove ourselves as worthy exponents our cause as have they.

Their lips are sealed in death, but they speak in a thousand tongues the victory which is coming and for which they have worked not in vain. A few days ago they counted but two of the vast horde struggling for the better conditions which at present is your goal, to day they number the power and force of legions, and the good they are doing your cause is unbounded. And as we close this chapter of their lives let us serve notice on those responsible for these deaths that our cause is still marching on, and victory following victory is coming to us now, and that mere death will impede us not.

[Emphasis added.]

—————

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