Hellraisers Journal, Thursday November 8, 1917
From The New York Times: “Bolsheviki Seize State Buildings”
News of the dramatic clash unfolding in Petrograd between the Bolsheviki and the Kerensky government was carried in many of the evening papers, last night, and was, this morning, front-page news in papers across the nation.
SOURCES & IMAGES
The St Louis Star
(St Louis, Missouri)
-Nov 7, 1917, page 4
https://www.newspapers.com/image/204406745/
The New York Times
(New York, New York)
-Nov 8, 1917, page 1
https://www.newspapers.com/image/20662260/
http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E0DE5D9123FE433A2575BC0A9679D946696D6CF&legacy=true
See also:
Russian Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Revolution
100th Anniversary of the Russian Revolution
https://www.marxists.org/history/ussr/events/revolution/index.htm
Old Style and New Style Dates
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates
The Masses
(New York, New York)
-October 1917
http://dlib.nyu.edu/themasses/books/masses078/1-1
“News From France” by Louise Bryant and John Reed
http://dlib.nyu.edu/themasses/books/masses078/6-7
-November 1917
http://dlib.nyu.edu/themasses/books/masses079
“A Letter From John Reed”
http://dlib.nyu.edu/themasses/books/masses079/14-15
Ten Days That Shook the World
-by John Reed
Boni & Liveright, 1919
https://www.marxists.org/archive/reed/1919/10days/10days/index.htm
John Reed Internet Archive
https://www.marxists.org/archive/reed/index.htm
Jack Reed and Louise Bryant in Petrograd, November 1917
John Reed, Witness to Revolution
-by Tamara Hovey
Crown, 1975
https://books.google.com/books?id=AA45AQAACAAJ
Note: Pages 180-192 describe John Reed and Louise Bryant in Petrograd as they witnessed the events of the first week of November 1917.
The account begins:
[With the threat of the revolutionary Bolsheviks mounting-] A frightened Kerensky tried to conciliate the “depths of Russia” by renewing his promises of immediate land reforms and a cessation of the war. But at the same time, he ordered those army units which were still loyal to the government to move to the capital to stand ready to forestall an uprising. Then in the early days of November, the government dispatched armored trucks to close down the Bolshevik presses. It ordered cossacks to patrol the city’s streets and commanded the junkers, who were students at the officers’ school, to train their artillery on the square before the Winter Palace. Kerensky-like the Tsar before him-set out to crush revolutionary Russia.
On the sixth of November, when Reed descended from the tram that took him to Smolny, he noticed that rapid-firing guns had been mounted before the building. Double rows of sentries were guarding the outer gates and an unusually close look was given to the pass he drew from his pocket-a special pass, changed often these days because of the danger of spies, granting right of free entry to Smolny to “John Reed, corespondent of the American Socialist press.”
[Photograph added.]
The account continues, in part:
[On November 7th, John Reed and Louise Bryant] made their way to Smolny where they discovered an atmosphere strikingly different from that of the night before. Delegates to the Congress had arrived from all over Russia and there was a new militancy in the great packed hall. These men and women had brought with them the demand of the soviets on the farms, in factories, at the front, for the immediate overthrow of the Kerensky government and the establishment of a Soviet state. Moderate socialist leaders, who but twenty-four hours before had been calling for caution and calm, had been demoted by vote and in their places had been elected a new presidium, the majority of whom were Bolsheviks.
IMAGE
John Reed, Louise Bryant, Spart, Nov 1916
http://spartacus-educational.com/Jreed.htm
http://spartacus-educational.com/Jbryant.htm
Smolny, November 1917:
http://marxism.halkcephesi.net/Lenin/Lenin%20Bio/Russian_revolution_1917.htm
—–
In the photographs picket-lines of soldiers and sailors are shown checking passes at the entrance to Smolny, which became the focal point of the stormy events of those days. Commanders of revolutionary regiments and representatives’ from factories from every end of the city came here for instructions. The square in front of Smolny buzzed with people’s voices and the noise of automobiles and motorcycles. Sailors’ and workers’ caps and papakhas of soldiers could be seen everywhere…. Armoured cars, cannons, machine-guns and stacks of firewood in the event of the construction of barricades…. And the entire picture was illuminated by brightly burning bonfires.
Smolny
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smolny
Bolsheviks
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolsheviks
Alexander Kerensky
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Kerensky
Winter Palace
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winter_Palace
Internationale from “Reds”